Fundamentals of Textile Design

Fundamentals of Textile Design 3(2+1)

Lesson 1: Techniques of Designing Textiles

Other Methods

There are a variety of methods like laces, braids, nets etc. in which fabrics are formed apart from the above two basic methods.

• Braid: These are made by interlacing or plaiting three or more yarns. Parallel and flat yarns move from one side to the other during interlacement creating a diagonal surface effect. These are made as flat, rectangular, narrow ribbon or in circular forms. Flat ones serve as trimming while the later are seen in shoelaces, ropes etc.
  
  
  
  
  
  
• Nets: Nets are open-mesh fabricr with characteristic large geometric interstices. In spite of large mesh structure, minimum yarn distortion and slippage is observed. These are now made on knitting machines which find their use in evening apparel, curtains, stoles, fishing nets, sports equipment and hammocks.
  
  
  


• Laces: Lace is also an openwork fabric with a network of firmly twisted yarns formed into intricate designs. This is a product made in combination procedures of twisting, interlooping, knotting and braiding into patterns. Both handmade and machine made laces are available in various types of fibers, qualities and end uses. They can be manufactured in many widths and shapes and limitless variety of patterns.
  
  
  


• Felting: Felts are made directly from fibers that have an ability to form into mats. Generally these are made from wool fibers and hair fibers which mat in the presence of pressure, moisture and heat. Types of felts include wool felts that are made of 100% wool which are strong and rough and fur felts made of rabbit hair, muskrat etc.
  
  
• Tufting: It is a process of making fabric by inserting loops into a woven fabric ground. These loops are inserted with needles and loops are held in place by special coating.
  
  
• Multicomponent fabrics: A multicomponent fabric is one in which at least two layers of material is sealed or joined together by some effective means. They are sealed by means of adhesive, thermoplastic fibers or by stitching. These include bonded, laminated and quilted fabrics. They are used in a variety of apparel and home furnishing fabrics due to their insulative property.