Freezing Technology

8.4.2 Control of disease cause by biogenic amines

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8.4.2 Control of Disease caused by biogenic amines

          Low temperature storage and holding of fish at all times is the most effective preventive measure.  All studies seems to agree that storage at O^o C or very near to 0^o C limits histamine formation in fish to negligible levels.  Several countries have adopted regulations governing the maximum allowable levels of histamine in fishes. e.g.

 

Regarding limit for histamine in fish

 

	Hazard action allowable level mg/100g	Defect action allowable level mg/100g	Maximum allowable level mg/100g
USA (FDA)	50	10-20	--
EEC	-----	10	20

Toxin	Where/when produced	Animals/organisms involved
Tetradotoxin	Fish	Puffer fish, mostly ovaries, liver, intestine
Cignatera	Marine algae	Tropical/subtropical fish
PSP	Marine algae	Filter feeding shellfish
DSP	Marine algae	Filter feeding shellfish