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Cans: Are widely used for packing canned vegetables, mushrooms, jams, preserves, juices, soft drinks etc.
Materials used: Metal cans, tin plate, tin free steel (CTFS) and aluminum.
Tin plate containers
Tin cans are made up of 99 per cent steel and 1 per cent tin. For additional protection the cans are lacquered, two types of lacquers are acid resistant (AR) and sulphur resistant(SR).
Tin free steel (TFS) cans
Functions: Used for packing soft drinks, meat, fish, sulphur containing vegetables like green peas, cabbage, dry products like milk powder and health foods.
Advantages:
- The basic layer of chromium acts as corrosion barrier.
- Rusting is prevented.
Limitations:
- Not suitable for acid foods.
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Aluminium containers
- Aluminium containers are an alternative to tin plate cans.
Advantages
- Light in weight
- Has aesthetic appeal and design
- Easy to fabricate
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Limitations
- Softer than tin and requires careful handling
- Involves high transportation cost.
Glass containers
- Glass has excellent barrier properties
- It includes bottles, carboys and ampoules.
Filled Barrier plastic containers
Functions: Used as squeeze bottles for tomato ketchup and desserts. In this thin layers of EVOH is incorporated into the basic material, polypropylene or HDPE to achieve required barrier properties . they are used to retain essential oil aroma or flavour.
Carbonated Beverage bottles:
They are made by PET by blow molding technique and used for cider packing , closing by plastic screw caps.
Bottles
Bottles are made from LDPE, HDPE and poly ethylene teraphthalate. These are made by blowing, molding, stretch blow molding, injection molding, compression molding and thermo forming foamed plastics.
- PET bottles are stretch blow molded and are strong enough to resist pressure generated inside by carbonated beverages.
- These are used for carbonated beverages, non alcohol beverages, mineral water, oil etc.
Advantages of PET bottles
- Pretreatment of bottles not required as molding is done at 100°C with specially clean air.
- Reduction in breakage of filling lines.
- Energy requirements are less as compared to glass bottles.
- Can be used for recycling.
Retortable cans:
These are made of laminate consisting of P.P/aluminium foil/composite copolymer called FK cans are used for packing soup, dried foods, ground coffee, highly acidic beverages, oil and alcoholic beverages.
Retort pouches
These are recent development in the heat sterilizable flexible packages.
Advantages
- Good shelf life
- Good for refrigeration or freezing storage.
- Faster heat penetration.
- Better quality retention.
- Easy to open and light in weight.
- No metallic contamination as in cans and easy disposal.
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