Landscape Designing

LANDSCAPE DESIGNING FRMT 325 Cr. Hr. 3(1+2)

Lesson 07:Types Of Gardens

Hindu-Buddhist gardens

• These types of gardens were intimately associated with the temple and monastery.
• The designs were entirely naturalistic.
• Rivers, streams, lakes and forests were taken into consideration while laying out gardens.
• Ornamental flowering trees predominated in the gardens.
• Among the flowering annuals, marigold, amaranth and tulsi were important.
• The Buddhist priests planted groves of flowering trees around their temples
• Asoka and Kadamba trees were very popular.
• The papal tree was especially sacred to them.
• Evidence of banyan, neem and mango tree plantations along the roads were also common.
• Planting of sacred trees was very popular.
• Trees like asoka, sal and palash are associated with the birth of Lord Buddha
• The kadamba tree is associated with Lord Sri Krishna while the silk cotton tree is associated with Lord Siva
• Kachnar and semul are associated with Goddess Laxmi and amaranth with Goddess Kali.
• The ponds and lakes of these gardens were filled with white and pink lotus.
• The blue lotus is associated with Lord Vishnu.
• Clumps of green and yellow bamboo trees also adorned the gardens.
• Apart from these the early gardens were scented with the fragrance of Jasmine, champa, chameli, queen of the night, mehndee, mogra and parijita (harsinghar) trees.
• Sculptures were another important feature in these gardens.
• The sculptures depicted the motherhood, beauty, affection and services of women.
• Status of wild animals and birds were also placed in the gardens.
• Various kinds of deer and domestic animals were an integral part of the gardens which were laid out in such a naturalistic manner that different types of attractive and beautiful birds, including peacocks, were attracted to the gardens.
• In the lakes and ponds ducks, sarus, cranes and other water fowl were also found in abundance.
• The Hindu Buddhist gardens contributed to the world of gardening the basic idea of conservation of natural resources, friendly and enlightened involvement of human beings with nature