Fish Diseases and Management

6.3.1.4 Ammonia poisoning

Ammonia accumulation is due to an inadequate number of bacteria (Nitrosomonas sp) that converts ammonia to nitrite. It originates from the decay of complex nitrogenous compounds (e.g.,protein) and causes acute mortality. 20-50% water exchange, addition of zeolite, nitrifying bacteria, biological filters reduces the accumulation of ammonia.