Fisheries Extension Education (2+1)

2.8.2.1 Charts And Their Types

A chart can represent any information diagramatically in an easily to understandable way. It is defined as “a visual symbol for summarizing or comparing or contrasting or performing helpful services in explaining the subject matter”. There are several types of charts prepared for different purposes as detailed below.

1. Flip charts

Flip charts contain a series of ideas arranged sequentially and are fastened or hung along one edge between two sheets of thin wood or thick cardboard. The two covers can be opened and folded back so that the flip chart stands in front of the audience. Each picture illustrates one point in the speaker’s talk and he simply turns over each one when he moves on to the next point.

2. Pull charts

The content of this chart is put fully under suspense by covering the contents with another sheet of paper or strips of the same size with the help of two paper clips. The message is shown to the group one after other by pulling down the cover. This will develop an element of response and will arouse the urissity of the audience. 

3. Spiral charts

In this type, the information remains hidden under the cover and is released in spiral shape when required.

4. Bar charts

These are made up of series of bars along an increased scale. These are used to compare quantities of different times or under different circumstances.

5. Pie charts

Pie charts are in the circle and used to show several parts make up the whole. They may show percentages, proportions, etc.

6. Tabular charts

The mass related data is given in the form of table. It is used to bring the mass related data in a compact form.

7. Tree charts or stream charts

These are used to show development or growth of things. In this, the origin is a single line. The various developments are shown as branches.

8. Flow charts or organisational charts

These are shown by lines, arrows, etc. They show organisational structure of departments, Institutions, etc.

9. Overlay charts

This consists of a number of sheets which can be placed over the other conveniently on individual sheet. This enables the viewer to see not only the different part but also how they appear when one is placed over the other. After the final overlay is placed, it shows the ultimate product. This type of presentation is dramatic and effective.

10. Line charts

These lines are particularly useful in showing trends and relationships. A single continuous line may represent growth or expansion.