|
 What would you learn in this course? |
|
|
 Syllabus |
|
|
| 11 March - 17 March |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
History of Pharmacology |
The farther we look back at the past the farther we can see ahead in the future - Churchill |
|
Ancient medicine |
|
|
Pre-Christian Era |
|
|
Mediaeval medicine |
|
|
Revolts in medicine |
|
|
Modern medicine |
|
|
Scope of Pharmacology |
|
|
Branches of Pharmacology |
|
|
 Important contributors |
|
|
| 18 March - 24 March |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Terms and definitions |
|
|
Pharmacology related terms |
|
|
Drug related terms |
|
|
Dose related terms |
|
|
| 25 March - 31 March |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Plant sources of drugs |
|
|
Alkaloids |
|
|
Glycosides |
|
|
Oils |
|
|
Tannins |
|
|
Saponins |
|
|
Resins |
|
|
Gums |
|
|
Mineral source |
|
|
Animal source of drugs |
|
|
Synthetic sources of drugs |
|
|
Microbial source of drugs |
|
|
 PODCAST |
|
|
| 1 April - 7 April |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Routes of administration |
|
|
Oral administration |
|
|
Intravenous route |
|
|
Subcutaneous and intramuscular routes |
|
|
Other parenteral routes |
|
|
Local administration |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 8 April - 14 April |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Fluid mosaic model |
|
|
Functions of membranes |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 15 April - 21 April |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Passive diffusion |
|
|
Carrier mediated transport |
|
|
Facilitated diffusion |
|
|
Active transport |
|
|
Pinocytosis and phagocytosis |
|
|
Filtration |
|
|
Passage of drugs |
|
|
 Transport processes |
|
|
Ion trapping |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 22 April - 28 April |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Absorption |
|
|
Absorption of drugs from the gastrointestinal tract |
|
|
Role of ionizaton and lipid solubility in drug absorption |
|
|
Henderson and Hasselbalch equation |
|
|
Absorption of drugs after parenteral administration |
|
|
Absorption of drugs after inhalation or topical administration |
|
|
Absorption |
|
|
 Drug absorption - Interactive presentation |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 29 April - 5 May |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Distribution of drugs |
|
|
Plasma protein binding of drugs |
|
|
Plasma protein binding |
|
|
Plasma Protein Binding |
|
|
Tissue storage of drugs |
|
|
Barriers to drug distribution |
|
|
Blood brain barrier |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 6 May - 12 May |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Biotransformation of drugs / xenobiotics |
|
|
Biotransformation of drugs |
|
|
Sequelae of biotransformation reactions |
|
|
Phase-I Biotransformation - oxidation reactions and others |
|
|
Oxidation of drugs |
|
|
Phase I reactions |
|
|
Phase-II reactions - Synthetic reactions |
|
|
Pathways of drug elimination |
|
|
Enzyme induction and inhibition |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 13 May - 19 May |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Renal elimination of drugs |
|
|
Hepatic and other routes of elimination |
|
|
Process in excretion |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 20 May - 26 May |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Introduction |
|
|
Important pharmacokinetic parameters |
|
|
Models in pharmacokinetics |
|
|
Drug accumulation |
|
|
Principles of drug accumulation |
|
|
Drug clearance |
|
|
Oral bioavailability of drugs |
|
|
Effect of t12 Vd Cl dose on Time vs Concentration curve |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 27 May - 2 June |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Modes of drug action |
|
|
Enzyme mediated drug action |
|
|
Receptor mediated drug action |
|
|
Terms related to drug - receptor binding |
|
|
 Presentation |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 3 June - 9 June |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Receptor theories |
|
|
Two State Receptor Model |
|
|
Functions of receptors |
|
|
Types of receptors |
|
|
Second messenger systems |
|
|
Ion channel receptors |
|
|
G-Protein Coupled Receptors |
|
|
Kinase receptors |
|
|
Intra Cellular Receptors |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 10 June - 16 June |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Plotting a dose response curve |
|
|
Features of dose response curve |
|
|
Quantal dose response curve |
|
|
Dose Response Curve |
|
|
Pharmacodynamics |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 17 June - 23 June |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Factors that affect drug action |
|
|
Factors that affect drug action (contd.) |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 24 June - 30 June |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Introduction |
|
|
Types of adverse effects |
|
|
Drug interactions |
|
|
Antagonism |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 1 July - 7 July |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Drug discovery |
|
|
Drug screening |
|
|
Preclinical safety and toxicity testing |
|
|
Clinical trials |
|
|
Bioprospecting |
|
|
Assay of drugs |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 8 July - 14 July |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Biopharmaceuticals |
|
|
Gene therapy |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 15 July - 21 July |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Sialagogues (sialics) and antisialagogues (antisialics) |
|
|
Appetite stimulants |
|
|
Emetics |
|
|
Emetic |
|
|
Antiemetics |
|
|
Prokinetics |
|
|
Ulcer management |
|
|
Antacids |
|
|
Histamine H2 receptor antagonists |
|
|
Sucralfate |
|
|
Proton pump antagonists |
|
|
Cytoprotective drugs |
|
|
Drugs regulating gastric acid secretion - Animation |
|
|
PODCAST - Antiulcer |
|
|
PODCAST - Sialagogues |
|
|
PODCAST - Emetics |
|
|
PODCAST - Antiemetics |
|
|
| 22 July - 28 July |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Choleretics and cholagogues |
|
|
Purgatives and Laxatives |
|
|
Classification |
|
|
General mechanism of action |
|
|
Osmotic purgatives |
|
|
Irritant purgatives |
|
|
Bulk purgatives |
|
|
Lubricant purgatives |
|
|
Choice, indications, combinations, abuse of purgatives |
|
|
Mode of action of purgatives |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 29 July - 4 August |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Antidiarrhoeal drugs |
|
|
Opioids |
|
|
Anticholinergics |
|
|
Protectants and adsorbents |
|
|
Antisecretory drugs |
|
|
Protectants |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 5 August - 11 August |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Oesophageal Groove closure |
|
|
Ruminotorics |
|
|
Rumen antacids |
|
|
Rumen acidifiers |
|
|
Antibloat agents |
|
|
Antizymotic |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 12 August - 18 August |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Classes of drugs acting on heart |
The main classes of drugs acting ont he heart are grouped as: - Cardiac tonics
- Antiarrhythmics
A broad outline of these group of drugs acting on heart in relation with various ions especially calcium, and autonomic nervous system and its neurotransmitters dealt herewith now. |
|
Effect of drugs acting on the heart |
What are the effects produced when a drug is administered when it is targeted specifically on the heart? |
|
Congestive Heart Failure |
|
|
Cardiac glycosides |
|
|
Chemistry of cardiac glycosides |
|
|
Mechanism of action of cardiac glycosides |
|
|
Cardiac glycosides mechanism of action |
|
|
Pharmacological effects of cardiac glycosides |
|
|
Pharmacokinetics |
|
|
Therapeutic uses of cardiac glycosides |
|
|
Digitalization |
|
|
Adverse reactions of cardiac glycoside |
|
|
Precautions and drug interactions |
|
|
Other drugs used in CHF |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 19 August - 25 August |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Types of arrhythymia |
|
|
Arrythymia |
|
|
Antiarrythymic drugs |
|
|
Classification of antiarrythmic drugs |
|
|
Actions of sodium channel blockers |
|
|
Beta adrenergic blockers |
|
|
Actions on potassium currents |
|
|
Actions of calcium-channel blockers |
|
|
Clinical uses of antiarrythymic drugs |
|
|
Adverse effects of antiarrythymic drugs |
|
|
Adverse extra-cardiac effects |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 26 August - 1 September |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Directly acting vasodilators |
|
|
Indirectly acting vasodilator drugs |
|
|
Clinical uses |
|
|
Vasoconstrictors |
|
|
Clinical uses of vasoconstrictors |
|
|
Classification of antihypertensive drugs |
|
|
Antihypertensive drugs |
|
|
Anti - hypertensive drugs - mechanism of action |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 2 September - 8 September |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Haematinics |
|
|
Coagulants |
|
|
Anticoagulants |
|
|
In vitro anticoagulants |
|
|
Systemic anticoagulants |
|
|
Clinical uses of anticoagulants |
|
|
Oral anticoagulants - Coumarin derivatives |
|
|
Heparin antagonist |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 9 September - 15 September |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Expectorants |
|
|
Inhalant expectorant |
|
|
Ingested expectorants |
|
|
Mucolytics |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 16 September - 22 September |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Decongestants |
|
|
Antitussives |
|
|
Directly acting antitussives |
|
|
Centrally acting antitussives |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 23 September - 29 September |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Bronchodilators |
|
|
Methylxanthines |
|
|
Sympathomimetics |
|
|
Parasympatholytics |
|
|
Corticosteroids |
|
|
NSAIDs |
|
|
Antihistaminics |
|
|
Mast cell stabilizer |
|
|
Respiratory stimulants |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 30 September - 6 October |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Diuretics- Introduction |
|
|
Physiological diuresis |
|
|
Classification of diuretics |
|
|
Renal physiology and site of action of diuretics |
|
|
Osmotic diuretics |
|
|
Role of carbonic anhydrase in diuresis |
|
|
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors |
|
|
Loop diuretics |
|
|
Thiazide diuretic |
|
|
Potassium sparing diuretic |
|
|
Xanthines and mercurials |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 7 October - 13 October |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Alkalisation of urine |
|
|
Acidification of urine |
|
|
Ecbolics |
|
|
Tocolytics |
|
|
Fluid therapy |
|
|
Fluid therapy (contd.) |
|
|
Fluid therapy (contd.) |
|
|
Choice of fluid |
|
|
| 14 October - 20 October |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Administration of hormones |
|
|
Hormones classification and action |
|
|
Corticotrophin and related peptides |
|
|
Insulin |
|
|
Pharmacological actions of insulin |
|
|
Preparations of insulin |
|
|
Oral hypoglycaemic drugs |
|
|
Oral hypoglycemic agents |
|
|
Thyroid hormone |
|
|
Thyroid inhibitors |
|
|
General Principles in Corticosteroid Therapy |
|
|
Anti inflammatory and sodium retaining potencies of Glucocorticoids |
|
|
PODCAST - Insulin and antidiabetic agents |
|
|
PODCAST - Thyroid and glucocorticoids |
|
|
| 21 October - 27 October |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Hormones influencing reproductive functions |
|
|
Anterior pituitary gonadotrophins |
|
|
Placental gonadrotrophins |
|
|
Oestrogens |
|
|
Progesterones |
|
|
Androgens |
|
|
Anabolic steroids |
|
|
Posterior pituitary hormones |
|
|
Pharmacotherapeutics of fat soluble vitamins |
|
|
Pharmacotherapeutics of water soluble vitamins |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 28 October - 3 November |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Counterirritants |
|
|
Penetration enhancers |
|
|
Adsorbants |
|
|
Demulcents |
|
|
Emollients |
|
|
Astringents |
|
|
Other agents used on skin |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 4 November - 10 November |
Learning outcomes |
|
|
Bioenhancers |
|
|
Immunostimulants |
|
|
Immunosuppressants |
|
|
PODCAST |
|
|
| 11 November - 17 November |
Introduction |
|
|
Common appliances used in pharmacy |
|
|
Pillar balance |
|
|
Counter scale balance |
|
|
Weight box with weights |
|
|
Ointment slab |
|
|
Mortar and pestle |
|
|
Spatula |
|
|
Measure glass/Measuring cylinder |
|
|
Bottle |
|
|
Powder press |
|
|
Pot |
|
|
| 18 November - 24 November |
Introduction |
|
|
Metric System |
|
|
Metric system - Weights and measures |
|
|
Common system |
|
|
Common system - Weights and measures |
|
|
Conversion equivalents |
|
|
| 25 November - 1 December |
Introduction |
|
|
Ratio and Proportion |
|
|
Strength of preparations |
|
|
Alligation alternate |
|
|
Alligation medial |
|
|
Dilution and concentration of solution |
|
|
Calculation of dose |
|
|
Problems to solve |
|
|
| 2 December - 8 December |
Introduction |
|
|
Processes of mechanical division (or) size reduction |
|
|
Processes of separation |
|
|
Processes in solution |
|
|
Processes involving heating or drying |
|
|
| 9 December - 15 December |
Pharmaceutical Preparations - I |
|
|
Pharmaceutical preparations - II |
|
|
Pharmaceutical preparations - III |
|
|
Pharmaceutical preparations - IV |
|
|
Pharmaceutical preparations - V |
|
|
 Dosage forms images |
|
|
| 16 December - 22 December |
Introduction |
|
|
Superscription |
|
|
Inscription |
|
|
Subscription |
|
|
Signature |
|
|
Prescription writing- guidelines |
|
|
Terms used in prescription writing |
|
|
Types of prescription |
|
|
| 23 December - 29 December |
Introduction |
|
|
Physical incompatibility |
|
|
Chemical incompatibility |
|
|
Pharmacological incompatibility |
|
|
| 30 December - 5 January |
Schedules framed under different rules |
|
|
DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration) Scheduled Controlled Substances |
|
|
| 6 January - 12 January |
Custody of poisons |
|
|
| 13 January - 19 January |
Using Pillar balance |
|
|
Video on Using Pillar balance |
|
|
Compounding and dispensing of triple carbonate powder |
|
|
Video on Preparation of Gastric sedative powder |
|
|
Compounding and dispensing of dry dressing powder |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
| 20 January - 26 January |
Compounding and dispensing of Iodine ointment |
|
|
Video on Preparation of Iodine ointment |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
| 27 January - 2 February |
Compounding and dispensing of Carminative mixture |
|
|
Video on Preparation of Carminative mixture |
|
|
Compounding and dispensing of Alba mixture |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
| 3 February - 9 February |
Compounding and dispensing of Turpentine liniment |
|
|
Video on Preparation of Turpentine liniment |
|
|
Compounding and dispensing of BIPP |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
| 10 February - 16 February |
Compounding and dispensing of Calamine lotion |
|
|
Video on Preparation of Calamine lotion |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
| 17 February - 23 February |
Compounding and dispensing of Tincture of Iodine |
|
|
Video on Preparation of Tincture of Iodine |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
| 24 February - 1 March |
Compounding and dispensing of Potassium permanganate solution |
|
|
Video on Potassium permanganate solution |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
| 2 March - 8 March |
Question bank |
|
|
Further reading |
|
|
Acknowledgement |
|