Week	Name	Description
	Theory
	Practical
	Theory
18 February - 24 February	1.1.1 Introduction
	1.1.2 Genes
	1.1.3 History of genetics
	1.1.3.1 Classical genetics
	1.1.3.2 DNA ERA
	1.1.4 Application of genetics in fisheries
	1.1.5 Historical events related to genetics
	1.1.5.1 The DNA Era
	1.1.5.2 The Genomics Era
	Introduction
	1.2.1 Genes
	1.2.1.1 Evidence that genes are made of DNA (or sometimes RNA)
	1.2.1.2 What is Gene? Where is a Gene?
	1.2.2 The chemical nature of Polynucleotides
	1.2.3 DNA structure
	1.2.3.1 X-ray diffraction
	1.2.3.2 Base pair analysis
	1.2.3.3 The Double helix
	1.2.3.4 Genes made of DNA
	1.2.3.5 A variety of DNA structures
	1.2.3.6 Genome
	1.2.3.7 Activities of genes
	1.2.3.8 Accurate transmission of genetic information
	1.2.3.9 Expression of genetic information
	1.2.3.10 Reading genetic information
	Genes
	1.3.1 Introduction
	1.3.2 Structure of a chromosome
	1.3.3 Chromosome classification by centrometic position
	1.3.4 Fish chromosomes
	1.3.5 Sex chromosomes in fishes
	1.3.6 Trends in karyotypes evolution
	1.3.7 Polyploidy in fishes
	1.3.8 Genetic significance of chromosomes
	1.3.9 Meiotic Division
	Chromosomes
	A pair of homologous chromosomes
	Types of chromosomes
	Relationship between genome, transcriptome and proteome
25 February - 3 March	2.1.1 Mendal’s law of inheritance
	2.1.2 Mendel's experiments
	2.1.3 Mendel's explanation
	2.1.4 Dihybrid cross
	2.1.5 Significance of Mendel’s laws
	2.1.6 Examples for dihybrid inheritance in fishes
	2.1.7 Back cross and Test cross
	2.1.8 F1 Generation
	2.1.9 Dominant and recessive
	2.1.10 Phenotype
	2.1.11 Allele
	2.1.12 Genotype
	2.1.13 Homozygous
	2.1.14 Locus
	2.1.15 Punnet square
	2.1.16 Pure line
	2.1.17 Carriers
	Section of pair of chromosomes
	Example for homozygote gamete production
	Example for heterozygote gamete production
4 March - 10 March	3.1.1 Gene interactions
	3.1.2 Types of genetic interactions
	3.1.3 Epistasis
	3.1.3.1 Dominant and recessive Epistasis
	3.1.4 Pleiotropism
	3.1.4.1 Examples for pleiotropism in fishes
	3.1.5 Dominance
	3.1.5.1 Incomplete dominant gene action
	3.1.5.2 Codominant alleles
	3.1.5.3 Additive gene action
	3.1.6 Lethal genes
	3.1.6.1 Dominant lethal genes
	3.1.6.2 Recessive lethal genes
	3.1.6.3 Semi-dominant lethal gene
	3.1.6.4 Sex-linked lethal gene
	3.1.7 Multiple Alleles
	3.1.8 Complementary genes or duplicate recessive genes (9:7)
	Gene Interaction
11 March - 17 March	4.1.1 Sex determination
	4.1.2 Physiological sex and Gonadal sex
	4.1.3 Gonochorism
	4.1.4 Hermaphroditism
	4.1.4.1 Protogynous hermaphroditism.
	4.1.4.2 Protoandrous hermaphroditism
	4.1.4.3 Synchronous hermaphroditism
	4.1.5 Parthenogenesis
	4.1.6 Polygenic determination of sex
	4.1.7 Sex determination mediated by sex chromosomes
	4.1.7.1 XX♀:XY♂ – system.
	4.1.7.2 ZZ♂ :WZ♀ – system
	4.1.7.3 WXY - system
	4.1.7.4 XO – system & ZO - system
	4.1.7.5 Multiple sex chromosomes
	4.1.7.6 Autosomal sex-determination
	4.1.7.7 A typical sex determination
	4.1.8 Metagamic sex determination
	4.1.8.1 Secondary sexual characteristics
	Sex Determination
	4.2.1 Sex linked genes
	4.2.2 Y-Linked genes
	4.2.3 X-Linked Genes
	4.2.4 Sex-limited traits
	4.2.5 Sex influenced genes
	4.2.4.1 Sex-linked inheritance in the Platy - WZ/ZZ system
	Sex Linked Genes
	Maculatus
	Pauper
18 March - 24 March	5.1.1 Hybridization in fishes
	5.1.1.1 Combining traits of different species
	5.1.1.2 Sterility
	5.1.1.3 Producing monosex fishes
	5.1.1.4 Heterosis
	5.1.4.1.1 Genetic basis of heterosis
	5.1.1.5 Disease Resistance
	5.1.2 Hybridization in carps
	5.1.2.1 Interspecific hybrids
	5.1.2.2 Intergeneric hybrids
	5.1.2.3 Triploid mrigal - common carp hybrid
	5.1.2.4 Chinese carp hybrid
	5.1.3 Hybridization between catfishes
	5.1.4 Interspecific hybridization of the tiger prawns
	5.1.5 Hybridization among freshwater prawns
	5.1.6 Introgressive hybridization
	5.1.7 Methods for identification of hybrids
	5.1.7.1 Karyological characters
	5.1.8 Hybrids for aquaculture
	5.1.8.1 Viability of hybrids
	5.1.8.2 Growth potential of hybrids
	5.1.8.3 Reproduction
	5.1.8.3.1 “zygotic” sterility
	Hybridization in fishes
25 March - 31 March	6.1.1 Mutation
	6.1.2 Chromosome mutations
	6.1.2.1 Mutations caused by changes to ploidy level
	6.1.2.2 Polyploidy
	6.1.2.3 Polyploidy in fishes
	6.1.2.4 Chromosomal aberration
	6.1.3 Gene Mutations
	6.1.4 Induced mutation
	6.1.4.1 Mutagens
	6.1.4.2 Chemical mutations
	6.1.5 Mutation hotspots
	Mutation
1 April - 7 April	7.1.1 Linkage and crossing over
	7.1.2 Linkage
	7.1.3 Types of linkage
	7.1.3.1 Incomplete Linkage
	7.1.3.2 Crossing over
	7.1.3.3 Sex chromosomes and colour patterns
	7.1.4 Chromosome mapping
	7.1.4.1 Genetic distance
	7.1.4.2 Fish
	Linkage and Crossing Over
	Arrangement of genes
8 April - 14 April	8.1.1 Chromosome manipulation
	8.1.1.1 Methods of chromosome manipulation
	8.1.1.2 Shock treatment
	8.1.1.3 Detection of polyploid individuals
	8.1.2 Androgenesis
	8.1.2.1 All male production
	8.1.3 Gynogenesis
	8.1.3.1 Irradiation of spermatozoa
	8.1.3.2 Diploidization
	8.1.3.3 Application of gynogenesis in aquaculture
	8.1.4 Polyploidy
	8.1.4.1 Heterogeneous polyploid
	8.1.4.2 Tetraploids
	8.1.5 Polyploidy in shellfishes
	Chromosome Manipulation
15 April - 21 April	9.1.1 Cryopreservation
	9.1.2 Risks associated with cryopreservation
	9.1.2.1 Prevention of risks
	9.1.3 Methods followed in cryopreservation
	9.1.3.1 Quality evaluation of milt
	9.1.4 Preservation
	9.1.5 Non cryogenic preservation (short-term)
	9.1.6 Cryogenic preservation (long term)
	9.1.7 Protocol for cryopreservation
	9.1.7.1 Equilibration
	9.1.7.2 Ampouling
	9.1.7.3 Labeling of straws, goblets and canes
	9.1.7.4 Freezing
	9.1.7.5 Storing
	9.1.7.6 Thawing
	9.1.8 Insemination and post insemination management
	9.1.9 Cryopreservation of eggs and embryos
	9.1.10 Liquid nitrogen safety precautions
	9.1.11 Vitrification
	9.1.12 Importance of cryopreservation
	Chryopreservation
22 April - 28 April	10.1.1 Population genetics
	10.1.2 Genetic properties of population
	10.1.3 How are allele frequencies estimated?
	10.1.4 Hardy - Weinberg law
	10.1.5 Proof of H-W Law
	10.1.6 Derivatives
	10.1.7 Forces changing gene frequency in population
	10.1.8 Mutation
	10.1.9 Migration
	10.1.10 Selection
	10.1.11 Small populations
	10.1.12 Genetic drift
	10.1.13 Consequences of random genetic drift
	10.1.14 Change of gene frequency due to sampling
	10.1.15 Fixation and Loss
	Population Genetics
29 April - 5 May	11.1.1 Genetics of qualitative and quantitative phenotypes
	11.1.2 Qualitative traits
	11.1.3 Quantitative phenotypes
	11.1.4 Correlated traits
	11.1.5 Heritability
	11.1.6 Properties of heritability
	11.1.7 General combinig ability
	11.1.8 specific combining ability
	11.1.9 Heterosis or hybrid vi
	11.1.10 Phenotypic value
	11.1.11 Genotypic value
	11.1.12 Environmental deviation
	11.1.13 Average effect of gene
	11.1.14 Breeding value
	Quantitative Genetics
6 May - 12 May	12.1.1 Inbreeding and its consequences
	12.1.2 Use of inbreeding
	12.1.3 Line Breeding
	12.1.4 Inbreeding depression
	12.1.5 Inbreeding studies in fish
	12.1.6 Simple measures to avoid inbreeding
	Inbreeding
	Relationship between effective breeding number
13 May - 19 May	13.1.1 Selective breeding programmes in aquaculture
	13.1.2. Prospects for genetic improvement
	13.1.3. Breeding goals
	13.1.4. Base population
	13.1.5. Species transformer
	13.1.6. History of selective breeding programme in aquaculture
	13.1.7. Selection methods
	13.1.7.1. Cross breeding (Intraspecific crossbreeding)
	13.1.7.1.1. Cross breeding in common carp
	13.1.7.1.2. Cross breeding in Tilapia
	13.1.7.1.3.Cross breeding in catfishes
	13.1.7.1.4. Cross breeding in grass carp
	13.1.7.2. Heterosis
	13.1.8. Individual or mass selection
	13.1.8.1. Limitations in individual selection
	13.1.9. Family selection
	13.1.9.1. Between-family selection
	13.1.9.2. Within family selection
	13.1.9.3.Combined selection
	13.1.10. Progeny testing
	13.1.11. Selection for more than one phenotype
	13.1.11.1. Tandem selection
	13.1.11.2. Independent culling
	13.1.11.3. Selection index
	13.1.12.Mating designs
	13.1.12.1. Random Mating
	13.1.12.2. Simple Paired Mating
	13.1.12.3. Factorial Mating
	13.1.12.4. Diallel Mating
	Selective Breeding
	Gene flow in a selection programme
	Methods of selection
	Cross breeding
20 May - 26 May	14.1.1 Domestication in fishes
	14.1.2 Domestication of fishes
	14.1.3.Domesticated farmed species
	14.1.4.The Domestication of Common carp
	14.1.5.Domestication of channel catfish
	14.1.6. Domestication in tilapia
	14.1.7.Rainbow trout and other salmonids
	14.1.8 Chinese carps
	14.1.9. Indian major carps
	14.1.10. Domestication of farmed shrimp
	14.1.11. The Goldfish
	14.1.12. Other domesticated fishes
	14.1.13. Conclusion
	Domestication
	Domestication
	A wild common carp
27 May - 2 June	15.1.1 Fish seed certification and quarantine procedures
	15.1.2 Hatchery management
	15.1.3.Fish seed quality assurance
	15.1.4. Fish seed certification
	15.1.5. What is quarantine?
	15.1.6. Implementation of quarantine in developing countries
	15.1.7.Pre-border measures
	15.1.7.1. Certification of production source
	15.1.7.2. Use of specific pathogen free (SPF) stocks
	15.1.7.3. Zoning
	15.1.7.4. Restrictions on life cycle stages
	15.1.7.5. Lists of approved species
	15.1.7.6. Lists of approved exporting countries
	15.1.7.7. On-site inspection of exporting facilities
	15.1.7.8. International and other health certificates
	15.1.7.9. Pre-border quarantine and temporary holding
	15.1.7.10.Preshipment treatment
	15.1.7.11. Inspection, certification and compliance audits
	15.1.8. Post-border measures
	15.1.8.1. Restrictions on initial use
	15.1.8.2. Monitoring programmes
	15.1.8.3. Contingency planning
	15.1.9.General principles of quarantine
	Seed Certification and Quarantine Procedure
3 June - 9 June	Problems
	Answers
10 June - 16 June	Problems
	Answers
17 June - 23 June	Problems
	Answers
24 June - 30 June	Problems
	Answers
1 July - 7 July	Problems
	Answers
8 July - 14 July	Problems
	Answers
15 July - 21 July	Problems
	Answers
22 July - 28 July	Problems
	Answers
29 July - 4 August	Problems
	Answers
5 August - 11 August	Preparation of root tip squash for studying mitotic division
	Materials required
	Procedure and Note
12 August - 18 August	Preparation of metaphase chromosomes from fish tissues
	Principle
	Solution needed
	Procedure
19 August - 25 August	Chromosome preparation from embryos
26 August - 1 September	Counting of fish sperm and checking the motility
2 September - 8 September	Induction of triploidy in fishes
9 September - 15 September	Induction of gynogenesis in fish
16 September - 22 September	Cryopreservation of fish sperm
23 September - 29 September	References